# Insulin and glucagon ratio in the patho-physiology of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic diabetes.

> PubMed lists PMID 16441980 in Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP as Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, with publication-date metadata of 2006-01 (month precision). PeptideScanner associated the retained record with the identity slug glucagon. These fields reproduce attributed bibliographic metadata and do not summarize or endorse the article's findings.

- Evidence object: `story:pubmed-pmid-16441980-glucagon:v1`
- Evidence domain: Literature metadata
- Date in source: 2026-07-01
- Source checked: 2026-07-30
- Published by PeptideScanner: 2026-08-14
- Story landing page: https://peptidescanner.com/stories/pubmed-pmid-16441980-glucagon/
- JSON record: https://peptidescanner.com/evidence/v1/objects/pubmed-pmid-16441980-glucagon-v1.json
- Content SHA-256: `bb2ebb362797c63c7ec8a6ae8007d21f8c1978920d72f906ff8bbaad2fa2cf81`

## Claims and source pins

### Headline

Insulin and glucagon ratio in the patho-physiology of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic diabetes. ([`pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c`](#source-pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c))

### Summary

PubMed lists PMID 16441980 in Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP as Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, with publication-date metadata of 2006-01 (month precision). PeptideScanner associated the retained record with the identity slug glucagon. These fields reproduce attributed bibliographic metadata and do not summarize or endorse the article's findings. ([`pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c`](#source-pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c))

### Paragraph 1

PubMed lists PMID 16441980 in Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP as Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, with publication-date metadata of 2006-01 (month precision). PeptideScanner associated the retained record with the identity slug glucagon. These fields reproduce attributed bibliographic metadata and do not summarize or endorse the article's findings. ([`pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c`](#source-pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c))

### Paragraph 2

This page reproduces bounded bibliographic metadata attributed to PubMed. Its title and publication details are source metadata, not PeptideScanner's endorsement or an assertion of safety, efficacy, or scientific truth. ([`pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c`](#source-pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c))

## Sources

<a id="source-pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c"></a>
- **Insulin and glucagon ratio in the patho-physiology of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic diabetes. · retained source version 1:2026-07-01:current:ed1a641aad8c51e378b331d5afcf9a55040a7ab98f9f9563d6032bd316a5298e** — PubMed; class A. [Open source](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16441980/) (`pubmed-observation-pmid-16441980-2026-07-01-ed1a641aad8c`)

## Correction lineage

No correction is recorded for this version.

## Reporting boundaries and unknowns

PeptideScanner reproduces bounded bibliographic metadata attributed to PubMed. It does not summarize or endorse the article's findings.

- Sources outside the selected public PeptideScanner bundle may exist and are not represented by this object.
- This object does not determine whether cited records agree, corroborate one another, or establish scientific truth.
- This object does not determine safety, efficacy, causality, or suitability for any person.

Methodology: https://peptidescanner.com/methodology/
Medical disclaimer: https://peptidescanner.com/medical-disclaimer/

## Suggested citation

PeptideScanner. "Insulin and glucagon ratio in the patho-physiology of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic diabetes." Version 1, published 2026-08-14. https://peptidescanner.com/evidence/v1/objects/pubmed-pmid-16441980-glucagon-v1.json SHA-256: bb2ebb362797c63c7ec8a6ae8007d21f8c1978920d72f906ff8bbaad2fa2cf81.